1988 First black American Catholic archbishop is chosen, Eugene A. Marino of Atlanta.

1974 Patty Hearst participates in San Francisco bank robbery with Symbionese Liberation Army who had abducted her a month earlier.

1958 JFK After having been accused of using his father's money and influence to buy the election, JFK reads a telegram he said he received from his dad: "Dear Jack, Don't buy a single vote more than is necessary. I'll be damned if I'm going to pay for a landslide."

1937 First U.S. blood bank opens.

1919 The American Legion Delegates representing veterans of the American Expeditionary Force in Europe meet in Paris and form the patriotic organization.

1917 Russian Revolution Czar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates his throne, ending the 300-year-old Romanov dynasty. He and the royal family were killed the following year by the Bolsheviks in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution.

1892 First escalator is patented, by American inventor Jesse W. Reno.

1875 First American Roman Catholic cardinal John McCloskey, archbishop of New York, is selected.

1869 First professional U.S. baseball team is organized, the Cincinnati Red Stockings.

1820 Maine becomes 23rd state.

1729 First Catholic nun in America Ceremony of Profession is held for Sister St. Stanislaus Hachard, of New Orleans.

1963 Jimmy Baio American actor. TV: Soap (Billy Tate).

1944 Sly Stone (Sylvester Stewart), singer.

1941 Mike Love American singer, with The Beach Boys. Music: Surfin' USA (1963), I Get Around (1964, #1), Help Me Rhonda, (1965, #1), and Good Vibrations (1966, #1).

1935 Judd Hirsch American Emmy-winning actor. TV: Taxi (Alex) and Dear John (John).

1932 Alan L. Bean American astronaut, the fourth man to walk on the Moon (1969).

1913 Macdonald Carey d. 1994 American Emmy-winning actor. TV: Days of Our Lives (Dr. Horton and narrator for the opening, "Like sands through the hourglass…") and Roots (1977, Squire James).

1854 Emil von Behring d. 1917 German Nobel-winning physiologist, bacteriologist. He discovered tetanus and diphtheria vaccines (1890).

1767 General Andrew Jackson d. 1845 7th U.S. President (1829-37), the only president to fight in a duel (1806). He shot and killed Charles Dickinson.

1975 Aristotle Socrates Onassis b. 1906 Greek shipping executive, husband of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis.

1966 Abe Saperstein b. 1903 basketball coach Hall of Famer, formed the Harlem Globetrotters (1927).

1934 Davidson Black b. 1884 Canadian anthropologist. He discovered the race Homo erectus (1927) when he identified a single hominid tooth as the "Peking Man."

44 B.C. Julius Caesar b. 100 B.C. Roman general, statesman. He was assassinated by Marcus Brutus; his fortune teller had warned: "beware the Ides of March."

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